2009年1月19日星期一

Adjust the industrial structure, the Guangdong power battery industry contrarian growth

In recent years, China's first economic Province - Guangdong Province, has been advocated to speed up the optimization and upgrading of battery industrial structure adjustment and vigorously develop hi-tech industries, advanced manufacturing industries, encourage enterprises to independent innovation, and follow the road of high-tech and high added value. This orientation in 2008 proved to be very forward-looking. Last year, by the international financial turmoil and economic growth have emerged in Guangdong drop back too much. However, from Guangdong in 2008 the first 10 months of statistical data, the industrial added value of the significant downturn and even negative growth mainly concentrated in the 23 labor-intensive, weak independent innovation capacity of industry, while still maintaining high-tech manufacturing the higher growth rate of 16.6 percent.
Some people go out of business closed, but it was piecemeal and short-sighted, to find an opportunity. In crisis, not only to China's largest toy factory Zhangmutou Jun toy factory jointly represented by a large number of low-end processing factories have fallen, but also high-tech enterprises special power contrarian easy expansion, the acquisition of the global top 500 enterprises Schneider's special dell u4873 ,dell gd761 ,dell d5318,dell 75uyf power system easy Technology Co., Ltd. 60 percent stake in such cases, more ZTE, Huawei and other high-tech enterprise for many years a large number of high-speed growth.
compaq laptop battery power is a new energy and energy-saving products, high-tech category, from the relevant departments of the data show that Guangdong's power battery industry in 2008 is still a steady increase of the year. All this is to benefit from the enterprise optimization and upgrading of industrial structure adjustment. In the current situation, the Guangdong power battery industry, how to go further and seize the "crises" in the "machine", to expand markets, upgrade technology, optimize the structure?
Guangdong to enter the international market is still a huge advantage
Power apple laptop battery industry in Guangdong, there are a large number of enterprises have a strong comprehensive strength, their technology, brand, marketing, production and other aspects of the powerful advantages, in a crisis they can usher in development opportunities,in the international market. Guangdong easy special acquired the global top 500 enterprises Schneider's easy special Power System Technology Co., Ltd. 60 percent stake. In 2008, the easy special export not only has not declined, the first three quarters of the export growth of 60 percent instead. According to the Guangdong Zhicheng Champion Group Bai-liang, vice president, due to the group take the initiative to seek to make innovative changes over the years, adhering to do high-tech products, product sales are still maintaining high economic growth. Although hampered exports, but Guangdong is still the undisputed number one province of China's exports. Power acer laptop battery exports is accounted for half of the whole country. Guangdong region through traders, agents, import and export companies or other forms of direct trade, power battery businesses tens of billions of annual export products. In addition, Canton has been the international buyers to purchase the preferred destination for Chinese products, developed a large number of international buyers visited the exhibition in Guangzhou to buy products procurement habits. Organized by the Guangdong high-profile exhibitions, trade fairs, such as the way of tender, power battery is still able to obtain large numbers of business opportunities to find.
In addition, Guangdong because of its unique geographical advantage, but also is to accelerate the realization of China's export market diversification bridgehead. In the analysts view, the traditional export markets in Europe and the United States needs to shrink, the power acer btp-43d1 , travelmate 220 battery eggs must be scattered in different baskets, and actively explore new international markets, to achieve diversification of the export market in order to resolve the single market brought about by Risk is the only way is bound to demand. With ASEAN, India, Africa, Latin America and other emerging big market trade, Guangdong in relation to other provinces and cities, with transportation, logistics, information, finance, such as a full range of comprehensive comparative advantage. In September 2007, Guangdong and the ASEAN Secretariat signed a memorandum of cooperation to the outside world has brought Guangdong To accelerate the opening up new markets with strong signals.
Rapid domestic demand should be a comprehensive upgrading of enterprises
Guangdong has always been theace btp-63d1,acer batcl50l , travelmate 290 battery power the most important one of the domestic market, the Guangdong Provincial Government recently announced in 2009 of 1.3 trillion investment scale of the whole society, it means that in 2009 the growth rate of investment in Guangdong will be as high as 30%. A substantial increase in investment growth may slowdown in external demand offset the negative effects, so that Guangdong's economy remained stable development momentum. With the accelerated upgrading of the industrial structure in Guangdong and vigorously develop the advanced manufacturing and high technology industries will lead the process of new energy and energy-saving products business grew by leaps and bounds, battery power industry will be able to get more business opportunities.
In recent years, in promoting the building of a conservation-minded society under the guidance of the thinking, energy saving and environment-friendly travelmate 4000 battery , travelmate 2300 battery products have been in the competition to occupy a distinct advantage, low technology content, low value-added products battery power, following the setback in the international market after the , will also run into a wall in the domestic market. In their efforts to enhance the competitiveness of their products at the same time, power battery enterprises should also take a more proactive approach and actively participate in high-quality professional events, for more direct dialogue with our customers an opportunity to enhance customer awareness of products into the customer's procurement perspective, won more orders. Some experts think that the crisis will be eliminated each time a number of enterprises to strengthen a number of enterprises, only a positive response to market changes and acquire the industry dynamic, and constantly improve our overall strength of the enterprise can continue to stay in business in this global financial crisis has eliminated a number of enterprises , but security companies, if nothing also is likely to be eliminated.
Industry boosters starting professional exhibition settled Canton
March 26, 2009, power aspire 1680 battery , aspire 1410 battery professional Exhibition "2009 China (Guangzhou) International Power Battery products and technology exhibition" will be the first gesture in the Canton Fair debut. Spring is one year, bic, Jiangsu sea four Tatsu, TCL gold to the United States CAD batteries, Dongguan HOSSONI precision machinery, ZTE, Emerson, such as hundreds of companies will choose the first leg of spring in Guangzhou. It was learned that the show has been the current Communications Industry Association, Guangdong Province, the Guangdong Provincial Association for the electronics industry, the Guangdong Provincial Association for the automotive industry, Die & Mold Industry Association of Guangdong Province and Guangzhou City, medical device trade associations such as more than a dozen industries and organizations have visited the confirmation, which are will give enterprises more efficient trading opportunities.
The exhibition is the industry's economic boosters. According to the International Association of the Exhibition Industry survey data show that global business transactions through the 70 percent of the forms of exhibitions, directly or indirectly contributed to. Enterprises to promote new products through other channels for the publicity costs 219 pounds, and through the acer lcbtp03003 ,acer aspire 1300 exhibition but only 35 pounds. The success of the exhibition is a successful businessmen temporary club, allowing tens of thousands of professionals to focus emerged. Exhibitors may show a close dialogue with our customers directly with domestic customers, export agents, international buyers contacts led to more orders, and promote enterprise development.
henwei Exhibition Group exhibition company responsible person briefed Zhang Shan, Guangdong Power apple a1079 , apple a1078 industry is the world's most important production bases, R & D base, the consumer market as well as trade centers, and its domestic demand and export a long time to occupy the country more than one-third. But a long time, and even in southern China, Guangdong has been the lack of a high-standard professional exhibition to promote the development of the industry, which to some extent, restricted the South China business exchanges and industrial upgrading. Against this background look at the Canton Fair battery power, even though it is held for the first time in 2009, but its long-term pattern has been set, there are indications that at all levels to turn into southern China and Southeast Asia at the core, the impact of circle, radiation global professional International Exhibition.
Views from the business seems to have confirmed this view. Lithium battery equipment manufacturers HOSSONI leader Dongguan factory machinery, general manager of economic people believe that, with the industrial upgrading and the traction effect of stimulating domestic demand, power battery business will be to upgrade the overall result, thereby to enhance the scientific and technological content of products and market competitiveness , Canton by strong radiation and mature market environment exhibition organized by industry professionals, will greatly promote the industrial development of the industry as a whole, enterprises with thinkpad t43 battery , thinkpad r50 battery power Canton Fair this high-end platform that can better enhance the visibility of products and brands effectiveness.
It was also introduced in the "2009 China (Guangzhou) International Power Battery products and technology exhibition," Over the same period, the Guangdong Provincial Power Industry Association will co-Power Institute of Guangdong Province, "Power World" magazine, "2009 Power Industry peak event", the organizers will invite experts in the industry hope that through this exchange, in order to supply ibm laptop battery,Toshiba laptop battery , toshiba pa3383u-1brs,sony vgp-bps5 ,sony laptop battery,sony pcga-bp2nx, sony pcga-bp2r , sony pcga-bp2s,hp laptop battery,laptop battery and related businesses to provide more development proposals.

2009年1月15日星期四

The Ol' Auto Battery's Impact on UPS

Lead-acidThe most common storage batteries in the world are the lead-acid batteries used to start automobiles, which are not only the heirs to Planté's first designs but almost identical. They have anodes made from porous lead and cathodes made from lead oxide, both soaked in a sulfuric acid electrolyte.
The lead in the cells makes these laptop battery inherently heavy. Filled with highly corrosive acid (which is also heavy), they are cumbersome and dangerous. Not only can the acid and its fumes damage nearby objects (particularly metals) but also overcharging cells results in electrolysis of the water component of the internal acid. The hydrogen released by the electrolysis is highly combustible and, mixed with air and a spark, prone to Hindenburg-like explosions.
The breakdown of the water in the cells also has another effect: it reduces the overall amount of water in the cell. Too little water reduces the reaction area inside the cell, reducing its capacity. It also allows the cells to deteriorate by atmospheric action. The electrodes can flake and possibly short out a cell entirely, reducing its capacity to zero.

Early lead-acid cells consequently required regular maintenance to keep the water/acid inside the cell at the proper level. Only the water electrolyzes in the battery, so only it needs to be replaced. To avoid contaminating the battery chemistry, manufacturers recommend you use only distilled water to replenish the dell c1295 . Judging the proper amount to add requires only refilling the battery to its normal level. If the battery carries no mark as to the proper level, you should fill it so that the liquid in the battery just covers the electrode plates inside the cell.
In stationary applications, lead-acid inspiron 1100 battery was once cased in glass. Not only would it resist the internal acid, but also it allowed maintenance workers to quickly assess the condition of the cells. Automotive applications required a more shatterproof case, for which engineers developed hard rubber or plastic enclosures.
But maintenance-free inspiron 5100 battery is not entirely trouble-free. They still have acid sloshing around inside them, after all, and it can leak out the battery vent, damaging the battery compartment or even the equipment in which the battery is located. Engineers developed two ways of eliminating the slosh. One way is to keep the liquid acid inside a plastic separator between cell electrodes (typically a microporous polyolefin or polyethylene). The other alternative chemically combines the liquid electrolyte with other compounds that turn it into a gel--a colloidal form like gelatin--which is less apt to leak out.
Lead-acid cells have several other drawbacks besides their cantankerous nature of their acidic contents. As noted before, they are heavy. The energy a lead-acid latitude d620 battery stores per pound of battery is lower than just about any technology short of a potato-wired with zinc plates. This is the chief frustration of automotive engineers who would like to use low-cost lead-acid batteries to power electric cars. Once a sufficient number of lead-acid batteries to move the car a worthwhile distance get piled into the car, it weighs more like an electric truck.
On the other hand, besides being cheap, lead-acid batteries have over 150 years of technical development behind them. They can be custom-tailored to specific applications, such those requiring deep discharge cycles (for example, where the batteries are used as the sole power source for electrical equipment) or for latitude d820 battery backup uses such as in large uninterruptible power supply systems in data centers. Lead-acid cells also have a low internal resistance and thus can produce enormous currents. They suffer no memory effect as do some more exotic cell designs, such as nickel-cadmium cells. (This effect, discussed in relation to nickel-cadmium batteries, reduces the capacity of a cell if it gets recharged before being fully discharged). The cells also have a moderately long, predictable life. And, of course, they are cheap.
Uninterruptible Power SystemsMost uninterruptible power systems rely on gelled lead-acid cells for their power reserves. In this application, they require little maintenance. That is, you don't have to do anything to keep them going. The power system, however, must be tailored to the needs of the cells. Gel cells are degraded by the application of continuous low-current charging after they have been completely charged. (Most lead-acid batteries are kept at full capacity by such "trickle" charging methods, see below) Consequently, gel cells require special chargers that automatically turn off after the cells have been fully charged. The chargers switch back on when the battery discharges--either under load or by self-discharge--to a predetermined level. Uninterruptible power systems typically check their dell 8n544 battery ,dell u4873 ,dell gd761 ,dell d5318,dell 75uyf,inspiron e1505,inspiron 6000,dell 367759-001 periodically (usually weekly) to ensure they maintain a full charge.

2009年1月12日星期一

Recycling Seal Lead Acid Batteries

Seal Lead Acid laptop batteries have a long history of being one of the most environmentally friendly resources on the free market and are actually “greener” then soft drink cans, beer cans, newspapers, glass bottles, and tires. Indeed lead-acid batteries are an environmental success story of our time. More than 97 percent of all battery lead is recycled. This is almost twice as much as aluminum soft drink and beer cans, newspapers, glass bottles and tires. In fact lead-acid batteries are the most recycled consumer product of our time. How are lead acid Toshiba laptop battery recycled and reused in brand new batteries. What is the recycling process of lead acid batteries? Let’s find out.


Lead acid ibm laptop battery are transported via trucks to recycling centers. Once at recycling centers batteries are broken apart in a hammermill, which is a machine that hammers the battery into pieces. At its most basic level a hammermill is a steel drum that contains a cross-shaped rotor. On the rotors are mounted hammers that pivot when the rotor spins. When the rotor spins the hammers swing and when the battery fed into the drum the batteries broken into pieces.


Once broken the compaq laptop battery components are separated into 3 categories:


Plastics


Broken pieces of polypropylene plastic are collected, washed, blown dry and sent to a plastic recycler. At the plastic recycler the broken pieces of polypropylene are melted at the plastics correct melting point (or glass transition temperature (Tg), which is the temperature at which a polymer changes from hard and brittle to soft and pliable). Then the molten plastic is passed through a machine called an extruder that shapes the molten plastic into pellets which are then sold back to apple laptop battery manufacturers to begin the new battery’s manufacturing process.



Lead


The lead acid acer laptop battery lead grids, lead oxide and other lead parts are cleaned and then heated to 621.5 degrees Fahrenheit - leads melting point. After the lead reaches its melting point the molten lead is poured into ingot molds. The leads impurities, known as dross, floats to the top and subsequently scraped away and then the ingots sit there thill they are cooled. After cooling the ingots are sold back to manufacturers for use in new lead plate production.


Electrolyte - Sulfuric Acid


Spent battery acid can be neutralized using an industrial grade baking soda compound. After neutralization the acid turns into water, treated, cleaned to meet clean water standards, and then released into the public sewer system. Or another option would be to convert spent battery acid into sodium sulfate, which is used in laundry detergent, glass and textile manufacturing. Considering that a typical pavilion dv9000 battery ,sony pcga-bp1n , sony pcga-bp2nx, sony pcga-bp2r,sony pcga-bp71 , sony vgp-bpl2 , sony vgp-bps3 , sony vgp-bps5 ,sony vgp-bps8 ,sony laptop battery recycling plant recovers 10,000 tons of lead, about 4000 tons of sulphuric acid, and can produce about 6000 tons of sodium sulphate – there is definitely some merit into this conversion process.




How Many Times Can I Charge My Battery?

500 million lithium notebook batteries are in use today. A very big number indeed and the chances that you are one of them are quite high. You could have a laptop, PDA, MP3 or even a cell-phone, all of which more likely than not has a lithium ion or a lithium polymer chemical based battery system. If so then one question that you will have eventually is how many times will I be able to charge the hp laptop battery before it is effectively dead?? Is it 300 times, 400 times, or 500 times? The answer is between 300-500 times.


But what does that answer mean? As this article will explain the charge cycle is quite complex and involves the replenishment of electrons. In order to get a beginning understanding of what actually is taking place during a charge and discharge cycle we need to understand: what a sony laptop battery is, how it works, what it produces, and finally what happens when you charge and discharge.


What is a Battery?


As I have written in other articles a fujitsu laptop battery is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. Batteries have two electrodes, an anode (the negative end) and a cathode (the positive end). Collectively the anode and the cathode are called the electrodes. What is positve and what is the negative terminal? It would be great to simply say that the anode is negative and the cathode is positive, however, that is not always the case. Somtimes the opposite is true depending on battery technology. In between the toshiba pa3383u-1brs ’s two electrodes runs an electrical current caused primarily from a voltage differential between the anode and cathode. The voltage runs through a chemical called an electrolyte (which can be either be in a liquid, solid, or gel state). This battery consisting of two electrodes is called a voltaic cell. Most batteries today are advance forms of the voltaic cells and have additional technology packed into the battery casing to support the overall system and its connected? device. These controls include the connector, fuse, charge and discharge FETs, the cell pack, the sense resistor (RSENSE), the primary and secondary protection ICs, the fuel-gauge IC thermistor, pc board, and the EEPROM or firmware for the fuel-gauge IC.


How Does a Battery Work and What Does It Produce?


We know that the result of a battery converting chemical energy into electrical energy allows us to turn on our laptop, PDA, MP3 or even a cell-phone. But how does the conversion process take place? As stated above the batteries we use today are variable changes of the voltaic pile. In addition to the controls I listed above today’s battery are made up of plates of reactive chemicals (Li-ion, Li-po, NIMH, NICD) separated by an electrolyte barrier (which can be either be in a liquid, solid, or gel state), and subsequently polarized so all the electrons gather on one side. The system was designed to separate both positive and negative electrons. Then after separation an electron exchange occurs and a current of electron flow moves electrons to and from the anode and cathode. Simultaneously an electrochemical reaction takes place inside the hp f4098a to replenish the electrons. The effect is a chemical process that creates electrochemical energy.


Now the electrochemical reaction that is taking place is a chemical change that is necessary in order to create hp f4809a. One factor that needs to be understood is that electricity is the flow of electrons. Specifically, electricity is a property of subatomic particles which couples to electromagnetic fields and causes attractive and repulsive forces between them. This repulsive force between the subatomic particles creates an electric current; the flow of electric charge transports energy from one atom to another. This electrical current is measured in amperes, where 1 ampere is the flow of 62,000,000,000,000,000,000 electrons per second!


Electricity therefore is a created energy source. All electricity in fact is a created source made or converted from coal, natural gas, oil, nuclear power, wind, heat, sun, water, biomass and or other chemicals. In hp 367759-001 today electricity is created by two chemicals in a solution for example: {a Solution of Lithium hexaflourophosphate (LiPF6) - a mixture of Organic Solvents: [Ethylene Carbonate (EC) + DiEthyl Carbonate (DMC) + DiEthyl Carbonate (DEC) + Ethyl Acetate (EA)]}


Charging and Discharging Your Battery


Charge cycling a hp f4812a ,compaq 319411-001 means to completely discharge (or drain) a battery’s created electricity to where there is a charge of less than a 1% capacity remaining. At this point the power to the device will cease and your device will power off. Then after the power is off you recharge the battery to 100% capacity using a power adapter either from a wall socket for example. Regardless of how you charge the battery that process of discharging and charging represents one complete charge cycle.


I noted above that an electrochemical reaction takes place inside the presario 2100 battery , presario 2500 battery to replenish the electrons. The effect is a chemical process that creates electrical energy (electrochemical energy). Lithium is used, amongst other chemicals, as a battery anode material due to its high electrochemical potential. In fact the energy of some lithium-based cells can be five times greater than an equivalent-sized lead-acid cell and three times greater than alkaline batteries. Lithium cells often have a starting voltage of 3.0 V. This means that batteries can be lighter in weight, have lower per-use costs, and have higher and more stable voltage profiles.


Charging lithium can be thought of as the introduction of ions or movement of chemistry. To move the lithium chemistry (lithium-ion, lithium polymer, lithium iron phosphate, etc) you have to have a minimum voltage applied to the lithium. Most hp f2299a , hp f3172a cells are charged to 4.2 volts with relative safe workings at about 3.8 volts. Anything less than 3.3 volts will not be enough to charge or move the chemistry. One thing to note here is that volts are an algorithmic measurement of current. So in a sense to create current through your battery you have to introduce current into your battery’s lithium .


Introducing current into your lithium is called intercalation. Intercalation is the joining of a molecule (or molecule group) between two other molecules (or groups). When it comes to charging your hp hstnn-db02,presario r3000 battery ,pavilion dv1000 battery ,pavilion zd7000 battery , pp2182d battery , hp 338794-001,sony pcga-bp2s , sony pcga-bp2t , sony pcga-bp2v ,sony vgp-bps5 you are in effect pushing ions in and out of solid lithium compounds. These compounds have minuscule spaces between the crystallized planes for small ions, such as lithium, to insert themselves from a force of current. In effect ionizing the lithium loads the crystal planes to the point where they are forced into a current flow. The current flow is then channeled back and forth from anode to cathode and thereby creating an electrical flow to power on your device. Again this can done 300-500 times. In my next article we will look at why batteries have limited charge cycles.




2009年1月11日星期日

Lithium Ion Batteries Are Sensitive to Heat

Over 15 million students are enrolled in fall college classes across the United States according to a US Census Bureau study in 2004. Using that number as a base it can be projected that the fall of 2008 should see a slight up-tick in college enrollees. Interestingly the number of college students that are going to college with laptop computers have increased by 28% compared to 42% of college students in 2004. This means that nearly 70% of enrolled students are using laptop computers. In real numbers that represents 10,500,000 laptop computers.
Now listen up college students – your laptop battery is more than likely a Li-ion battery and if it is then there is a natural tendency to keep your laptop plugged into a wall outlet when you are close to one. You may also find that you are actually “plugged” in to a wall outlet more than you are not and there in lies a problem. When your laptop is plugged into a wall outlet your battery heats up big time and heat and lithium do not mix well together.
Hold on! You have to charge laptop battery. Yes that is true, but you do not have to keep your laptop plugged into a wall outlet for the entire school year! But won’t that reduce my battery life if I’m constantly powered from the battery?
Your battery will diminish in capacity – the ability to charge and power your laptop. That is a fact and a natural consequence of hp laptop battery today. This diminishing power performance is called battery degradation and power loss. I have written on this topic before and you can read about it on my blog but on a high level a battery over time degrades and eventually stops working, this is no surprise, and it occurs due to the following technical processes: declining capacity, increasing internal resistance, elevated self-discharge, premature voltage cut-off on discharge.
So should you constantly keep your sony laptop battery charged at 100% capacity? No you should not. Why? To answer that question let’s look at what is occurring when you charge a battery. When charging your battery you are forcing electrical current into a battery cell from a charger. The force of electrical current causes temperature increases.
Now it is true that contained within your laptop battery are integrated power management circuits that are designed to protect against over-voltage and under-voltage conditions that increase heat in the fujitsu laptop battery but one factor of how well a battery is being protected during a charge depends on the ratio of the heating rate versus the dissipation rate. If the heating rate is higher then the dissipation rate then thermal runaway will occur (leaking, smoking, gas venting, flames).
Now don’t go into panic mode since the integrated circuits are really good at keeping the heating rate lower than the dissipation rate and you are in extremely minimal danger of thermal runaway occurring.? But the practice of keeping your battery charged continuously can negatively affect your battery’s longevity. So charge your battery and then run your laptop on dell u4873 ,dell gd761 ,dell d5318,dell 75uyf,inspiron e1505,inspiron 6000,dell 367759-001,dell c1295 ,dell 6y270 ,hp 367759-001,sony vgp-bps5 power until you have to charge it again.

How Many Cells Are In A Battery

Question from a reader: “How many cells are in the Toshiba Satellite M105-S3041 Laptop Battery? The battery is for a Toshiba Satellite M105-S3041 and its technical ratings are 10.8 volts 8800 mAh, Lithium Ion
The question from the reader is a great question for it gets to the heart of digital camera battery manufacturing and begins to unravel the power of a battery. The answer is simply: 12 cells. But what does the answer mean and how does the number of cells relate to the overall value of a battery? Let’s find out…
What is a camcorder battery and how does it create energy?
A battery is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. NP-FC10 have two electrodes, an anode (the negative end) and a cathode (the positive end). Collectively the anode and the cathode are called the electrodes. What is positve and what is the negative terminal? It would be great to simply say that the anode is negative and the cathode is positive, however, that is not always the case. Somtimes the opposite is true depending on battery technology.
In between the battery’s two electrodes runs an electrical current caused primarily from a voltage differential between the anode and cathode. The voltage runs through a chemical called an electrolyte (which can be either liquid or solid). This DSC-P8 consisting of two electrodes is called a voltaic cell.
Therefore DSC-P2 in effect create electrochemical energy. In order to convert chemical energy into electrical energy there is a chain of events that have to occur prior to the creation of electrical energy. Key to the creation of electrochemical energy in batteries is that electrical energy is injected into two chemicals in a solution. Electricity is introduced into a battery via a charger. The charger acts as a conduit of the pushing electrons that are forcing their way into the chemical lithium. This charge process involves intercalation: the joining of a molecule (or molecule group) between two other molecules (or groups). Intercalation is the process of ions being pushed by electrical current into solid lithium compounds. Lithium is one of the chemical components used to create electrical energy in batteries. Lithium compounds have minuscule spaces between the crystallized planes for small ions to insert themselves from a force of current. Ionizing lithium loads the crystal planes to the point where they are forced into a current flow. Intercalation replenishes, in effect, lithium but the net result of ionization is the ultimate depletion of the lithium reactive property. You could say if you use it you will lose it!
But what makes lithium good for batteries is that DSC-P3 is one of the metals in the alkali group (the other metals include Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium, and Francium). Lithium is a highly reactive metal. Lithium has only one electron in its outer shell (two electrons in its inner shell), which makes it chemically “ready” to lose that one electron in ionic bonding with other elements. Lithium is used as a battery anode material (due to its high electrochemical potential). Electrochemical potential is the sum of the chemical potential and the electrical potential. The higher the electrochemical potential the better the electrical current yields. In some lithium-based cells the electrochemical potential can be five times greater than an equivalent-sized lead-acid cell and three times greater than alkaline batteries. One other core advantage that lithium has is that it is soft and bendable which allows for tight configurations in small cell designs (PDAs. Laptops, Cameras etc…).
What Type of Lithium Cell is Used in Laptops
Now this brings us to DSC-P5 cells and our original question from the reader. Lithium based battery cells are good but there are a variety of lithium based battery cells. For example the lithium based cell identified as 18650 is one of the most common battery cell on the market for laptops. 18650 is manufactured by many manufacturers including many private branded companies to public companies like LG, Sony, Sanyo, Samsung, Panasonic.
18650 is a 3.6V cylindrical Li-Ion cell. 18650 has no memory effect (distinguish between digital memory effect) and longer storage life than NiMH DSC-P7 cells. 18650 is light weight and has a high energy density. It is in effect perfect for building batteries for laptop and other portable power devices.
The additional technical specifications for the 18650 DSC-P9 cell include:
Nominal Voltage Average 3.7 V – the concept of nominal voltage is that voltage range exists depending on the number of cells in the DSC-P10.
Nominal Capacity - 2200 mAh (above 2200 the stability of lithium based cells is called into question)
Max. Charging Current - 2.4 Amps Max.
Max. Discharging Current - 4.6 Amps max.
Dimensions (DxH) 18.3 mm (Max 18.4) x 64.9 mm (Max 65.1)
Weight 46.5 g (1.64 oz)
Internal Impedance Internal Impedance: less or equal to 90 ohms
Cycle Performance is 80% of initial capacity at 300 cycles
Now as stated above the reader asked how many cells were in the Toshiba Satellite M105-S3041 Laptop Battery? The battery is rated at 10.8 volts and a capacity of 8800 mAh.
As I mentioned above the nominal voltage average is 3.7V. Some manufacturers may use 3.6V and some may use 3.7V. In the case of a laptop hp 367759-001,sony vgp-bps5 ,toshiba pa3383u-1brs,apple a1079 , apple a1078 with 10.8V the nominal voltage rating used is 3.6V. Thus if we divide 10.8V by 3.6V we get 3. Thus 3 cells in a series. We also know that the batteries capacity is 8800 mAh. We know the nominal capacity is 2200 mAh. Therefore if we divide 8800 mAh by 2200 mAh then we get 4 in parallel.
Therefore we have 3 cells in series X 4 cells in parallel equals 12 cells in total.

2009年1月8日星期四

Lithium ion Batteries Explode?

"A cellphone exploded in his living room last year, causing up to $100,000 in damages. Ortega and his family had to live in a trailer for a few months while their house in California was fixed" as reported in the Chicago Tribune back in 2006.? Without question the impact that the fire had on this family is devastating but what is alarming about that fire is that through the fire and insurance investigation the cause was found to be due to a cell phone's lithium-ion battery failure and subsequent spontaneous combustion. What? How is that possible?
If you have a PDA, MP3, MP4, Laptop, Cell Phone, Smartphone, DVD player, or other electronic device then more likely then not the battery within your device is a high capacity smart battery pack (the chemical base being lithium ion). What is a high capacity smart battery pack? A high capacity smart laptop battery pack is a complex battery system designed to power high tech consumer electronic products.
What differentiates smart dell c1295 from standard batteries is the specialized hardware that provides calculated on demand current as well as predicted information.
This specialized hardware includes:
the connector
the fuse
the charge and discharge FETs
the cell pack
the sense resistor (RSENSE)
the primary and secondary protection ICs
the fuel-gauge IC
the thermistor
the pc board
the EEPROM
Each of these components working in concert allows electrical current to be created, controlled, and transferred to your individual electronic device on demand. Your battery in effect was purposely designed to be an energy dense power pack, which used within its properly designed purpose you can feel comfortable that your inspiron 6000 battery will not explode.
How can I say that you will “feel comfortable” because statistically your hp laptop battery will not explode or even become defective! The report about the fire at the Ortega’s family house is one of 339 battery-related overheating incidents tracked by the Consumer Product Safety Commission since 2003. 339 overheating cases sounds like a lot but when compared to the well over 100,000,000 battery related devices that have been bought by consumer since 2003 it represents a very small percentage (.000003) of all battery related devices on the market.
However when smart batteries do explode, bubble, or warp the cause is due to an internal cell short that may cause the dell 310-6321 to overheat and explode, posing a potential hazard to consumers.
To isolate the ultimate cause of the short circuit a study of every aspect of the smart inspiron 9300 battery development and customer use must be considered including:
the specialized each of the hardware components
the cell design
the manufacturing processes
battery operation in extreme conditions
intentional battery abuse
unintentional abuse through the use of the battery in any device, product, and or in any conceivable manner other than what the dell 6y270 was specifically designed to be used for and in
So yes it is possible to have high capacity smart dell u4873 ,dell gd761 ,dell d5318,dell 75uyf,inspiron e1505,inspiron 6000,dell 367759-001 pack explode and cause unexpected damage but as we have seen it is very unlikely considering the sheer quantity of lithium ion based batteries on the market.